To date, the prevalence of diseases caused by parasites diseases remains high. Among children of preschool and younger school age is the most common infection pinworms. If the family has children, in most cases infected adults. Another of the very common helminths that occur in countries with a temperate climate and are not always symptomatic, is ascariasis. For adult people, whose interests are connected with hunting and fishing, as well as characteristic difillobotrioz and trichinosis.
Unlike children, adults have a stronger immunity and has formed the body, resulting in symptoms of infection with worms need a big parasitic load. Most helminths are not able to complete the whole cycle of development in the body, and their number only grows with repeated ingestion of the eggs. Therefore, people who have inside have worms often have them in such numbers that the symptoms of worms in humans are not detected ever or for many years. The most common types of worms live several weeks to two years. Others, such as swine, bovine and other cepni, can parasitize within human decades. There are also dangerous worms that are not long-lived, but able to infinitely multiply in the host organism (dwarf tapeworm, nematode, etc.).
Helminthiasis caused by different types of pathogens can occur under the guise of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the cardiovascular system, as well as pathology of the respiratory system.
Common symptoms and signs of worms in humans
In most cases, symptoms of worms in humans for a long time not seen at all, although the damage they cause. But it all depends on the infection load and the type of parasites.
The most likely symptoms of having worms in humans are malaise, fatigue, weakness, itching at the anus.
The main features of the worms, which are especially often can become noticeable in a person (especially a child), there is a sharp loss of body weight, anemia, weakness, pale skin, digestive disorders (constipation and diarrhea), vomiting, presence in the stool symptoms, such as segments of tapeworms or adults round.
In addition to General symptoms and signs of worms in humans, their presence has a number of specific manifestations, which are individual for each system of the body.
Gastrointestinal tract
If the primary localization of worm infestation is the lumen of the intestine, the main signs of this condition are violations of the functions of the digestive system. The main symptoms of worms in adults with lesions of the digestive system can be divided into:
- alternating constipation and diarrhea;
- nausea and vomiting;
- abdominal pain has no clear localization;
- excessive bloating.
The severity of these symptoms is different for each person, as well as specific clinical case.
An excessive amount of adult worms in the intestinal lumen can cause complete or partial overlap, causing persistent disorder of the chair.
Central nervous system
The result of the activity of most helminths are toxic substances that cause the phenomenon of intoxication of the organism. Constant exposure to toxic substances in the body leads to the formation of persistent disorders of the Central nervous system. The main nervous signs of worms in adults are as follows:
- headache of varying intensity
- dizziness
- a feeling of nausea, sometimes vomiting
- the fever until the fever
- pain in large and small joints.
Beriberi, which is a constant companion of helminth infection, combined with the toxic effects on the nervous system leads to the formation of chronic fatigue syndrome, loss of concentration, and increased sleepiness or insomnia.
Skin
Today, fully proven, that the worms and allergies in adults United by a cause-and-effect relationship. The person suffers from helminthiasis, deteriorates the condition of the skin. Waste products the majority of worms are perceived by the body as foreign agents, which leads to the formation of allergic reactions.
As a result of excessive production by the body of the main mediator of allergies — histamine, were observed on the surface of the skin of specific lesions, edema. In addition, the person begins to disturb the constant feeling of itching, you may receive a cough, nasal congestion.
The immune system
Along with a decrease in all body functions, a sharp inhibition of immune protection of the person. The decrease in the protective forces of the body may lead to worsening of existing chronic disease or to cause the formation of inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity, oral cavity, organs of the female reproductive system.
It is noteworthy that one of the possible causes of night snoring can be a worm infestation in the body.
The most common symptoms of helminth infections
Characteristics of clinical manifestations and the degree of their intensity directly depends on the type of pathogen. For example, ascariasis is possible to observe the first symptoms of worms in adults already after 2 days from the moment of infection during larval migration bloodstream. Some parasites have an incubation period up to 18 months.
Ascariasis
The main symptoms of ascariasis in adults is directly dependent on the phases of the life cycle of helminths. The migration of the larvae of the causative agents of ascariasis occurs under means of getting into the blood stream and further separating the flow of blood through the body. If the larvae enter the tissue of the lungs, the main symptoms of the disease can be called the appearance of subfebrile temperature, dry cough, weakness, General malaise. In severe cases, may develop purulent bronchitis, and pneumonia. When the bloodstream the larvae ascarids fall into the gastrointestinal tract, is a violation of his functions. In humans, suffering from parasites, there is a sharp loss of body weight.
Enterobiasis
The most characteristic and pronounced symptom of this disease is the appearance of severe itching in the anus, which is markedly enhanced in the night time. Another important diagnostic feature of infection is the duration and frequency of itching. In this case, the itch lasts no more than 2 consecutive days, after which the self disappears and reappears after 2-3 weeks.
Intestinal schistosomiasis, hookworm morbo, richocephalosis, difillobotrioz
The combination of these varieties of helminthiasis due to the fact that each of them gives a similar clinical picture. The result of moderate flow (with a relatively small number of parasites) of such diseases is the imbalance of normal and pathogenic microflora in the intestines, so the main symptoms in adults are expressed in the form of dysbiosis, abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea (including blood). When more severe symptoms much more serious.
Other manifestations of this group of helminths include vitamin, 12 deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia, a deficiency of vitamin A.
Schistosomiasis (genitourinary)
The development of this form of schistosomiasis is manifested as disorders of urination, as well as typical impurities of blood in the urine.
Trichinosis
Specified kind of helminthiasis is most often seen in the form of such symptoms:
- the increase in body temperature up to fever;
- edema of the face, especially the eyelids;
- spontaneous pain in the muscles.
Strongyloidiasis
The causative agent is usually pretium intestinal. This kind of worm infestation is characterized by a primary lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. The main symptoms of this disease include:
- the lesions of the gallbladder and biliary tract;
- diarrhoeal disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, diarrhea, flatulence);
- allergic reactions of varying severity.
In clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, opisthorchiasis
Presented to a group of helminth infection predominantly affects the liver parenchyma, gallbladder and bile ducts. The most likely symptoms for opisthorchiasis in adults are as follows:
- the enlarged liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly);
- increasing the concentration of bilirubin in the blood (icteric syndrome);
- the development of chronic pancreatitis and in holecistoholangit;
- violations of the Central nervous system.
The article describes symptoms and signs of the common types of worms that infected people. Some, especially zoonotic helminths may have different clinical picture, which includes increasing of body parts, balls under the skin or in the eyes, partial or total loss of vision without return. To confirm or refute the infection is possible only by means of passing specialized laboratory tests that the physician prescribes individually.